The EPA's FuelEconomy.gov dataset rates every configuration of every vehicle sold in the United States. Our model-year pages reproduce the full configuration tables for 148 tracked model-years — engine, transmission, drive and fuel, with city, highway and combined figures. The tables below go one level wider: for the 2023 model year, they show the most efficient vehicles in each major class across the entire EPA dataset, including models outside our tracked range. Electric vehicles are rated in MPGe; a gallon of gasoline is treated as 33.7 kWh.
Most Efficient 2023 Vehicles by Class (EPA)
Midsize Cars
| Vehicle | Fuel | Combined MPG |
|---|---|---|
| Hyundai Ioniq 6 Long range RWD (18 inch Wheels) | Electricity | 140 |
| Hyundai Ioniq 6 Standard Range RWD | Electricity | 135 |
| Tesla Model 3 RWD | Electricity | 132 |
| Tesla Model 3 Long Range AWD | Electricity | 131 |
| Hyundai Ioniq 6 Long range AWD (18 inch Wheels) | Electricity | 121 |
Compact Cars
| Vehicle | Fuel | Combined MPG |
|---|---|---|
| Porsche Taycan Performance Battery | Electricity | 83 |
| Porsche Taycan GTS | Electricity | 83 |
| Porsche Taycan Perf Battery Plus | Electricity | 82 |
| Porsche Taycan 4S Performance Battery | Electricity | 82 |
| Porsche Taycan Turbo | Electricity | 81 |
Small Sport Utility Vehicle 4WD
| Vehicle | Fuel | Combined MPG |
|---|---|---|
| Tesla Model Y AWD | Electricity | 123 |
| Tesla Model Y Long Range AWD | Electricity | 122 |
| Tesla Model Y Performance AWD | Electricity | 111 |
| Lexus RZ 450e AWD (18 inch Wheels) | Electricity | 107 |
| Toyota bZ4X AWD | Electricity | 104 |
Standard Pickup Trucks 4WD
| Vehicle | Fuel | Combined MPG |
|---|---|---|
| Rivian R1T 21 inch Performance Dual Large | Electricity | 78 |
| Rivian R1T 21 inch Dual Large | Electricity | 78 |
| Rivian R1T 22 inch Performance Dual Large | Electricity | 76 |
| Rivian R1T 22 inch Dual Large | Electricity | 76 |
| Rivian R1T (21 inch wheels) | Electricity | 73 |
Two patterns repeat across every class. First, hybrid versions of mainstream models now beat most dedicated economy cars of a decade ago. Second, the spread inside a single model is wide: one engine or drivetrain choice can move a vehicle's combined rating by 10 MPG or more, which is why our pages list every configuration rather than a single headline number. When comparing two used vehicles, match the exact engine and drive configuration in the table — not just the model name.
Within the tracked range itself, the strongest median combined figures belong to the electric model-years — the Tesla pages show medians above 120 MPGe — while the most efficient tracked gasoline vehicle is the model-year whose configurations post the highest median in our tables. At the other end, full-size pickups cluster in the high teens: their class tables above show even the best 2023 standard pickups rating below many family sedans, a gap that reflects vehicle mass and frontal area more than engineering effort. Use the class tables for shopping comparisons and the model-year pages for exact configuration matching; both are drawn from the same EPA file, so the figures agree wherever they overlap.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is MPGe?
Miles per gallon equivalent: the EPA's way of rating electric vehicles, where 33.7 kWh of electricity counts as one gallon of gasoline. It lets EVs be compared with gasoline cars on one scale.
Why does one model have so many MPG figures?
The EPA rates each engine, transmission and drive combination separately. Our model-year pages show the range, the median, and the table of configurations so you can find your exact vehicle.
Where does this data come from?
The U.S. EPA's FuelEconomy.gov dataset — the same ratings published on new-car window stickers — downloaded in full and accessed in October 2026.